What is Artificial Intelligence
The full form of AI is Artificial Intelligence or in Hindi it means artificial intelligence or artificial brain. This is such a simulation that machines are given human intelligence, or rather, their brains are so advanced that they can think and work like humans.
This is done especially in the computer system itself. There are mainly three processes involved in this process and they are first learning (in which information is put in the mind of machines and they are also taught some rules so that they follow those rules to complete a given task), second is Rezoning (under this, the machines are instructed to follow the rules made to move towards the results so that they can get an approximate or definite conclusion) and the third is Self-Correction.
If we talk about the particular application of AI, then it includes expert system, speech recognition and machine vision. AI or Artificial Intelligence is designed in such a way that it can think like humans, how the human brain first learns any problem, then processes it, decides what is right to do and finally how to do it. While solving, thinks about it.
In the same type of artificial intelligence, machines have also been given all the features of the human brain so that they can do better work.
John McCarthy first told the world about Artificial Intelligence. He was an American Computer Scientist, who first told about this technology at the Dartmouth Conference in 1956.
Today it has become very big like a tree and everything from all robotics process automation to actual robotics comes under it. In the last few years, it has gained a lot of publicity because the technology of big data has also been included in it and due to its increasing speed, size and variety of data business, many companies want to adopt this technology.
If I talk about AI, then with the help of this it has become very easy to identify the pattern in the raw data, whereas there are many mistakes by humans, due to this companies get more insight on their data in less time.
Artificial Intelligence in Philosophy
When man was discovering the real power of computer system, then man's desire to know more forced him to think that “ Can machines also think like us? "And that's how the development of Artificial Intelligence started, which had only one purpose, to build such an intelligent machine which is as intelligent as humans and can think like us.
AI goals
• Creating Expert Systems − Creating some such systems which can perform intelligent behavior, which can learn, demonstrate, explain, and advise its users with it.
• Implementing Human Intelligence in Machines – Creating systems that can understand, think, learn, and behave like humans.
What is Artificial Technique?
If we talk about the real world, then there are some peculiar characteristics of knowledge such as
• Its volume is very high, or rather unimaginable.
• It is not completely well-organized or well-formatted.
• Along with this it keeps on changing continuously.
Now it comes to what is AI Technique then. So let me tell you that Artificial Technique is such a technique that we will keep knowledge or knowledge in such an organized way that we can use it very efficiently like –
• It should be readable and understandable by the people who provide it.
• It should be easily modifiable so that its errors can be easily rectified.
• It should be useful in many places, although it is incomplete and inaccurate.
If AI techniques are equipped with complex programs, then its speed of execution can be increased to a great extent.
Types of Artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence can be divided into many types, but the most important of them are
1) Weak AI
2) Strong AI
Weak AI: –
This type of AI is also called narrow AI, these AI systems are designed in such a way that they do only one particular task. For example, it has a great example of Virtual Personal Assistants such as Apple's Siri weak AI.
Strong AI: -
This type of artificial intelligence is also called general artificial intelligence. This type of AI system has the intelligence of a generalized person so that if the time comes, if it is given a difficult task, then it can easily find its solution.
The Turing Test was developed by mathematician Alan Turing in 1950, which was used to find out whether computers can also think like humans or not.
Arend Hintze, who is also an assistant professor of integrative biology and computer science and engineering at Michigan State University. He has categorized AI into four parts, which are as follows.
• Type 1: Reactive machines.
An example of this is Deep Blue, an IBM chess program that defeated Garry Kasparov in the 1990s. Deep Blue has been designed in such a way that it can identify the pieces of the chess board and make predictions accordingly.
But it does not have some memory of its own so that it cannot remember about its past move which it can use in future. It analyzes the possible moves – its own and its opponent's – and then chooses the best strategic move accordingly.
Deep Blue and Google's AlphaGo are designed for narrower purposes and cannot be easily applied in other situations.
• Type 2: Limited memory.
These types of AI systems use their past experiences to decide their future decisions. Some decision-making functions that are used in autonomous vehicles have been designed in this manner.
By using similar observations, future accidents can be prevented to some extent, such as changing the car to another lane. These observations are not permanently stored.
• Type 3: Theory of mind.
This is a psychology term. This is a hypothetical concept. In this it shows that others have their own beliefs, desires and intentions which have an impact in their decisions.
This type of AI is not present in this world yet.
• Type 4: Self-awareness.
AI systems have their own self-awareness under this category, they have their own consciousness.
Machines which have self-awareness understand their current state and by using the same information they understand what others feel. This type of AI is not present in this world yet.
Examples of AI technology
• Automation is a process by which system and process functions are automated. Robotic process automation, for example, is programmed so that they can easily perform high volume, repeatable tasks.
The difference between RPA and IT Automation is that in RPA, it adapts according to the circumstances, whereas it does not happen in IT Automation.
• Machine Learning is a science in which computer works without programming. Deep Learning Machine is a part of Learning itself in which predictive analytics is automated.
There are mainly three algorithms of machine learning: supervised learning, where data sets are called patterns and which are used to label new data sets, the other is unsupervised learning, where data sets are not labeled but they are Sorting is done on the basis of their similarity and dissimilarity.
The third is reinforcement learning, where data sets are not labeled but after taking some action and more action, feedback is given to the AI system.
• Machine vision is such a science with the help of which we can be able to see the computer. In Machine Vision, the computer captures and analyzes visual information with the help of a camera, along with analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal.
It is also compared with human eyes, but there is no limitation of machine vision and they can see even beyond the walls. That is why they are used a lot in medicine as well.
• Natural language processing (NLP) is a process in which a human language is understood by a machine with the help of a computer program.
For example, you can take SPAM detection only, in which the program of the computer decides which text is the original emain and which is spam email. The main functions of NLP include text translation, sentiment analysis and speech recognition.
• Pattern recognition is a branch of machine learning that identifies patterns in data and is used later in data analysis.
• Robotics is a field in which more focus is given in the design and manufacturing of Robots. We use robots for such tasks which are very difficult for us humans.
Because they do the most difficult tasks very easily and that too without any mistake. For example, we use them in the assembly line of Car Production.
AI in Applications
• AI in healthcare.
The biggest use of AI is in the healthcare industry. The biggest challenge here is that how can we treat the patients better and that too in the least cost. That is why now companies are using AI in hospitals so that better and faster patients can be treated smoothly.
There is one such very famous healthcare technology and whose name is IBM Watson. Along with this, now health assistants have also come for common diseases, with the help of which common people can now get their diseases treated.
• AI in business.
With the help of robotic process automation, highly repetitive tasks are now being done by machines. Machine learning algorithms are now being integrated with analytics and CRM platforms to know how companies can better help their customers.
Chatbots are being incorporated into websites so that service can be provided to the customers as soon as possible.
• AI in education.
With the help of AI, automate grading can now be done so that educators can get more time in studying children. With the help of AI, any student can be inspected well, is he needed, in which subjects he is weak, etc. so that that student can be helped in the right way.
Nowadays, with the help of AI Tutors, students are finding solutions to everything while sitting at home. Due to this, his interest in reading is also increasing a lot.
• AI in finance.
With the help of AI, financial institutions are getting a lot of benefits. Because companies had to invest a lot of money and time in data analysis earlier, but now it is not so, now AI does everything in a very short time.
• AI in law.
Earlier the processing of these documents was a very worrying task, but now with the help of AI, the processing of these documents is done very easily, due to which the work runs very efficiently.
• AI in manufacturing .
AI is also widely used in the manufacturing industry. The work which used to take hundreds of people to do earlier, today with the help of a machine the same work is being done much faster and better.
Artificial Intelligence and our future
Day by day the use of Artificial Intelligence is increasing. We humans are slowly becoming more used to such machines. In an attempt to meet our needs, we are making Artificial Intelligence even more powerful and more advanced so that it can do our most difficult tasks.
Due to this, knowingly or unknowingly, these machines are becoming even more powerful. And their thinking power is also gradually increasing so that they can mold themselves in any situation and this is not a good thing for us.
The day is not far when they don't even follow our orders and work as per their wish. In such a situation, human society may have to suffer a lot. They have already entrenched their roots in all our industries and we have become very used to them, due to which we are finding it difficult to do our work without them.
This may sound a bit strange to hear but it is 100% true. I believe that even if we use Artificial Intelligence for good in our life, but it is very important for us to keep in mind that we should keep the keys of some things which are above our control. So that when the time comes, we can use it properly.
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